1 See Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer The Culture Industry : Enlightenment As Mass Deception trans. John Cumming. From the The Cultural Studies Reader Ed. Simon During. Routledge, London and New York.1993
2 See for example Anonymous Test Card F AK Press , Edinburgh 1994.
3 Mikhail Bakhtin (1965) Rabelais and His World , trans. Helene Iswolsky, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1984.
4 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.4.)
5 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.10.)
6 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.7.)
7 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.20.)
8 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.13.)
9 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.273.)
10 See above page 40.
11 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.29.)
12 Ibid. Bakhtin (P.29.)
13 Bakhtin. Ibid. (P. 276)
14 Burger.Ibid. (P.24-27.)
15 See Boudieu .Ibid.(P.488)
16 See P. Stallybrass and A.White. The Politics and Poetics of Transgression Methuen, London 1986. (P.5.)
17 The Compte De Lautremont (1869) Maldoror trans. Alexis Lykiard. Exact Change, Cambridge 1994.(P.131.)
18 Donald D. Egbert. Ibid. (P.386-390)
19 A. Hauser.Ibid (143 - 163.)
20 George Steiner (1971) In Bluebeard¹s Castle Faber and Faber, London 1989. (P. 19-20.)
21 See George Levitine The Dawn of Bohemianism, The Barbu Rebellion and Primitivism in Neoclassical France. 1978. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park and London.
22 See George Levitine (Ibid) (P.62)
23 This anecdote is told by the Romantic writer Charles Nodier in Le Temps 5 October1832 and appears in George Levitine (Ibid) (P.2)
24 Hauser, A (1951) THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF ART VOL. 3 .Vintage Books, New York. (P.195)
25 P. Stallybrass and A.White The Politics and Poetics of Transgression Methuen, London 1986. (P.10.)
26 Neil Nehring Flowers In The Dustbin University Of Michigan Press , Ann Arbor 1993 (P.318)
27 P. Stallybrass and A.White. Ibid. (P.26)
28 P. Stallybrass and A.White. Ibid. (P.)
29 See P. Stallybrass and A.White The Politics and Poetics of Transgression Methuen, London 1986. (P.14.)
30 Barbara A. Hanawalt Growing Up In Mediaeval London Oxford University Press , New York, Oxford 1993.
31 P. Stallybrass and A.White. Ibid.(P.14)
32 Norman Cohn (1957) The Pursuit Of The Millennium Pimlico, Random House, London 1993.
33 Norman Cohn Ibid. ( P. 198-204.)
34 Norman Cohn Ibid. ( P.204.)
35 See Peter Marshall Demanding The Impossible. A History Of Anarchism Fontana Press, London 1992. (P.87)
36 Norman Cohn Ibid. ( P.157-158.) 37 Norman Cohn Ibid. ( P.159.)